课98：更多具有多种含义的单词：E

Lesson 98: More Words with Many Meanings: E

ECHO 回声 / 回音 / 呼应 / 附和

echo (n), echoes (pl: note spelling, extra -E): A sound that reflects off a surface and is heard again. 从表面反射并再次听到的声音。 Example: If you clap your hands in this tunnel, you hear a loud echo. 示例：如果您在这条隧道中拍手，您会听到很大声 回声。

echo (n): Some speech that repeats what has just been said. 重复刚才所说的话。 Example: The Principal of the school praised the efforts of her pupils, and the Deputy Principal's speech was an echo of that. 例子：学校校长称赞学生的努力，而副校长的演说就是这种回响。

echo (n): The phonetic spelling of the letter "E", used for spoken messages between airplanes, ships etc to avoid confusion. 字母“ E”的语音拼写，用于飞机，轮船等之间的语音消息，以避免混淆。 Example: The word "SYDNEY" is phonetically spoken "Sierra, Yankee, Delta, November, Echo, Yankee". 示例：单词“ SYDNEY”的发音为“ 塞拉，扬基，三角洲，11月，回声，扬基”。

echo (n): In computing, a display of characters as they are typed (except for passwords). 在计算中，键入字符时显示字符（密码除外）。 Example: Alice carefully typed figures into a spreadsheet, and checked that their echoes were correct. 示例：爱丽丝仔细地将数字键入电子表格，并检查它们的回声是否正确。

echo (n): A recognition of some situation or public emotion. 承认某些情况或公众情绪。 Example: The Government's new law is an echo of the public concern with homelessness. 例子：政府的新法律反映了公众对无家可归问题的关注。

echo (v): For a sound to reflect off a surface and be heard again. 使声音从表面反射并再次听到。 Examples: If you clap your hands in this tunnel, the clap will echo loudly. 示例：如果您在此隧道中拍手，拍手会响亮。 The sound of Alice's footsteps echoed in the quiet street. 爱丽丝的脚步声在安静的街道上回荡。 I/you/we/they/ echo, he/she/it/ echoes (note spelling, extra -E). /am/is/are/ echoing. /all/ echoed. /was/were/ echoing. /shall/will/ echo. /shall/will/ be echoing.

echo (v): To repeat something that has just been said. 重复刚才所说的话。 Example: The Principal of the school praised the efforts of her pupils, and the Deputy Principal echoed her comments. 例子：学校校长称赞学生的努力，副校长也回应了她的评论。

echo (v): In computing, to display characters as they are typed. 在计算中，在键入字符时显示它们。 Example: Alice carefully typed figures into a spreadsheet, and checked that they echoed correctly. 示例：爱丽丝仔细地将数字键入电子表格，并检查它们是否正确呼应。

echo (v): To recognise some situation or public emotion. 识别某些情况或公众情绪。 Example: The Government's new law echoes the public concern with homelessness. 例子：政府的新法律无家可归，呼应了公众的关注。

EMAIL 电子邮件

email (n, uncountable): A system for sending messages from one computer to another. 一种从一台计算机向另一台计算机发送消息的系统。 Example: The best way to contact this company is by email. 示例：联系该公司的最佳方法是通过电子邮件。

email (n:) A message sent using an email system. 使用电子邮件系统发送的消息。 Examples: I received 267 emails yesterday! 范例：昨天我收到267封电子邮件！ Some emails are called "phishing"; they pretend to be from a trusted sender such as a bank, and ask for your private information. 有些电子邮件称为“网络钓鱼”； 他们假装来自银行等可信任的发件人，并要求您提供私人信息。

email [SL:] An email address. 电子邮件地址。 Example: Alice said to Sandra "What's your new email?" 示例：爱丽丝对桑德拉说：“您的新电子邮件是什么？”

email (v): To type and send one or more emails. 键入并发送一封或多封电子邮件。 Example: I've been on my computer, emailing for 7 hours today! 范例：我去过电脑，今天发了7个小时的电子邮件！ I/you/we/they/ email, he/she/it/ emails. /am/is/are/ emailing. /all/ emailed. /was/were/ emailing. /shall/will/ email. /shall/will/ be emailing.

email (v): To type and send one or more emails to a particular person. 键入并发送一封或多封电子邮件给特定的人。 Example: Alice emailed Sandra details of the software changes. 示例：Alice通过电子邮件向Sandra发送了软件更改的详细信息。

END 尾 / 末 / 终端 / 结束 / 终止

end (n), ends (pl): The last part of some object, or some activity, or period of time. 某些对象或活动或时间段的最后一部分。 Examples: Can you find the end of this rope, please? 示例：请问您能找到这条绳子的尽头吗？ We were sad when the concert came to an end. 音乐会结束时，我们感到很难过。 The CEO was told that the end of his employment would be in November. 首席执行官被告知，他的工作将在11月结束。 The boat was moored at the end of the dock. 船停泊在码头尽头。

end (n): Death. 死亡。 Example: The homeless man had a sad end, stabbed as he slept in a park. 例子：无家可归的人有一个悲伤的结局，他在公园里睡觉时被刺伤。 Sandra was comforted that her Dad had a peaceful end. 桑德拉（Sandra）感到安慰，以为她父亲过的很和平。

end (n): A goal or purpose. 目标或目的。 Example: The footy team is spending thousands on repainting their stand, but to what end? Do they expect bigger crowds? 例子：脚步团队花费数千美元重新粉刷他们的展位，但目的是什么？ 他们期望更多的人群吗？

"a means to an end" = some method of achieving a goal, not the goal itself. “达到目的的手段” =实现目标的某种方法，而不是目标本身。 Example: Alice's first job was poorly paid, but it was a means to an end, helping her to start her career in programming. 示例：爱丽丝的第一份工作报酬低，但这是达到目的的一种手段，可以帮助她开始从事编程职业。

"an end in itself" = something that exists just for itself, not necessarily having a goal. “本身就是终点” =仅仅存在于自身而不一定具有目标的事物。 Example: Frank enjoys making model trains. He doesn't plan to make money from it - it's just an end in itself. 示例：弗兰克喜欢制作模型火车。 他不打算从中赚钱-它本身只是目的。

"the ends justify the means" = bad actions are ok if they produce good results. “目的证明手段” =如果不良行为产生了好的结果，那就可以了。 Example: The politician is using illegal campaign methods, thinking that if she gets elected, the ends will justify the means. 示例：政治家是使用非法竞选方法，心想如果她人当选，两端会不择手段。

"at the end of your tether" = at the limit of your ability or patience. “束缚尽头” =在您的能力或忍耐力的极限下。 Example: The single mother is at the end of her tether, trying to raise three children. 示例：单身母亲正处于束缚的尽头，试图抚养三个孩子。

"no end" = a large quantity. “无止境” =大量。 Example: The comedian has no end of jokes to tell. 示例：喜剧演员无话可说。

end (n): In some sports, one half of the playing area. 在某些运动中，占比赛场地的一半。 Example: The cricket team won the toss and opened the batting from the Alan Border Stand end. 示例：板球队赢得了比赛，并从艾伦边境站（Allan Border Stand）一端击球。 In AFL footy, the teams change ends every quarter. 在AFL比赛中，球队每季度结束一次变更。

end (v): To finish some activity. 完成一些活动。 Examples: We were sad when the concert ended. 例子：音乐会结束时我们很伤心。 The CEO was told that his employment would end in November. 首席执行官被告知，他的工作将在11月结束。 I/you/we/they/ end, he/she/it/ ends. /am/is/are/ ending. /all/ ended. /was/were/ ending. /shall/will/ end. /shall/will/ be ending.

ESCAPE 逃亡 / 溜走 / 逃逸 / 逃生 / 遁

escape (n), escapes (pl): An act of leaving a dangerous or unpleasant situation. 离开危险或不愉快情况的行为。 Examples: Three prisoners made an escape from a police station, by breaking a window. 示例：三名囚犯打破窗户逃离了警察局。 The woman managed an escape from her abusive husband, running to a neighbour's house for help. 该名女子逃脱了丈夫的辱骂，逃到邻居家寻求帮助。

escape (n): In computing, a key labelled "Esc" which is often used to allow you to leave a program. 在计算中，标记为“ Esc”的键通常用于允许您退出程序。 Example: Alice knows that tapping "Escape" will exit the database she often uses. 示例：Alice知道点击“ Escape”将退出她经常使用的数据库。

escape (n): A leakage of electricity or liquid or gas. 电力，液体或气体的泄漏。 Example: There was an escape of a dangerous gas from the factory, and people were warned to stay indoors. 示例：工厂里有危险气体逸出，人们被警告要留在室内。

escape (v): To leave a dangerous or unpleasant situation. 离开危险或不愉快的情况。 Examples: Three prisoners escaped from a police station, by breaking a window. 示例：三名囚犯打破窗户而从警察局逃脱了。 The woman managed to escape her abusive husband, running to a neighbour's house for help. 该名女子设法逃脱了虐待她的丈夫，跑到邻居家寻求帮助。 Many citizens wanted to escape countries with the virus, and return to Australia. 许多公民想逃脱携带病毒的国家，然后返回澳大利亚。 I/you/we/they/ escape, he/she/it/ escapes. /am/is/are/ escaping (note spelling, no -E before -ING). /all/ escaped (note spelling, single -E before -D). /was/were/ escaping. /shall/will/ escape. /shall/will/ be escaping.

escape (v): To avoid punishment, or to receive a lesser punishment. 避免惩罚，或接受较少的惩罚。 Example: The accountant who cooked the books escaped a jail sentence, instead receiving a large fine and 200 hours of community service (= doing unpaid work to help society). 示例：煮书的会计师逃脱了监禁，而被处以大笔罚款和200个小时的社区服务（=做无偿工作来帮助社会）。

escape (v): To avoid capture. 避免被捕获。 Example: By travelling only at night, and sleeping during the day, the criminal escaped a Police search. 示例：犯罪分子仅在晚上旅行，在白天睡觉，因此逃脱了警方的搜查。

"to escape you / to escape your memory" = you cannot remember it. “逃避/逃避记忆” =您不记得了。 Example: Frank said to Muriel "I know there's a way to program this remote control, but it escapes me for the moment." 示例：弗兰克对穆里尔（Muriel）说：“我知道有一种方法可以对此遥控器进行编程，但此刻暂时让我不高兴。”

escape (v): In computing, to tap a key labelled "Esc" to finish working with a program. 在计算中，点击标有“ Esc”的键即可完成程序的工作。 Example: Alice knows that by tapping "Esc" she will escape from her database program. 示例：Alice知道，通过点击“ Esc”，她将退出数据库程序。

escape (v): For electricity or liquids or gases, to leak out of a container or conduit. 对于电，液体或气体，要从容器或导管中泄漏出来。 Example: Some corrosive gas escaped from the factory, and people were warned to stay indoors. 例子：一些腐蚀性气体从工厂逸出，并警告人们呆在室内。

ESTIMATE 预算 / 量 / 估计 / 预计 / 估

estimate (n), estimates (pl): An approximate idea (often called a "rough idea") about the value or size of something. 关于某物的价值或大小的近似想法（通常称为“粗略想法”）。 Example: The builder used a tape measure and a calculator to get an estimate of the amount of concrete required for the new driveway. 示例：建筑商使用卷尺和计算器来估算新车道所需的混凝土量。

estimate (n): In business, a document showing how much a job will probably cost. This is different from a contract, which shows an exact cost. 在商业中，显示一份工作可能花费多少的文档。 这不同于合同，后者显示了确切的成本。 Example: Fred's motorbike needed a repair, so Fred visited three repair shops to get some estimates. 示例：Fred的摩托车需要维修，因此Fred拜访了三家维修店以获取一些估计。

estimate (n): A rough idea of the time that some activity will require, or when it will finish. 粗略了解一些活动所需的时间或完成的时间。 Example: The builder worked out an estimate for the concreting work, as one and a half days. 示例：建造者对混凝土工作进行了估计，为期半天。

estimation (n): A judgment or opinion. 判断或意见。 Example: In the Accountant's estimation, the business will break even by June. 示例：根据会计师的估计，业务将在6月达到收支平衡。

estimation (n): Respect. 尊重。 Example: Alice's programming is so impressive, she has greatly risen in her boss's estimation. 示例：爱丽丝的编程是如此令人印象深刻，她大大提高了老板的估计。

estimate (v) (note different pronunciation): To approximately ("roughly") calculate the value or size of something. 大约（大致）计算某物的值或大小。 Example: John estimated that building an interface for the machine would cost $ 12,000. 示例：John估计，为机器建立一个接口将花费12,000美元。 I/you/we/they/ estimate, he/she/it/ estimates. /am/is/are/ estimating (note spelling, no -E before -ING). /all/ estimated (note spelling, single -E before -D). /was/were/ estimating. /shall/will/ estimate. /shall/will/ be estimating.

estimate (v): To roughly calculate the time that some activity will require, or when it will finish. 粗略计算某些活动所需的时间或完成的时间。 Example: Muriel said to Frank, who was building a shed, "Frank, can you estimate when you'll be able to break for lunch?" 示例：穆里尔（Muriel）对正在建造一个棚子的弗兰克（Frank）说：“弗兰克（Frank），您能估计何时可以休息午餐吗？”

EVEN 甚至 / 连 / 犹 / 偶 / 匀 / 相等

even (n): There is no noun "even". 没有名词“ even”。

even (adj): Not varying much. 变化不大。 Example: Frank made an effort and his painting was very even. 例子：弗兰克努力了，他的画非常均匀。

even (adj): Flat and level. 平坦和水平。 Example: The builder used a straight-edge to make the concrete even. 示例：建筑商使用直尺使混凝土平整。

even (adj): Morally or intellectually equal. 道德上或思想上平等。 Example: In terms of their compassion, the two judges were about even. 例子：就他们的同情而言，两位法官差不多。

even (adj): For a number, an exact multiple of 2. 对于数字，为2的精确倍数。 Example: Even numbers are 0, 2, 4, 6 and so on. 示例：偶数是0、2、4、6，依此类推。

even (adj): In terms of money, equal. 就金钱而言，相等。 Example: The millionaires agreed that exchanging a luxury yacht for a penthouse was an even trade. 示例：百万富翁同意将豪华游艇换成顶层公寓是一项公平的交易。

even (adj): Equal in size or quantity. 大小或数量相等。 Example: After 70 minutes of the footy match, the scores were even. 例子：足下比赛70分钟后，比分是平均的。

"even-handed" = without favouring one person or another. 而不偏爱一个人或另一个。 Example: The best leaders are firm but even-handed when managing their team. 例子：最好的领导者固执己见，但在管理团队时持平。

"even so" = same as "however" or "despite". 与“但是”或“尽管”相同。 Example: John likes travelling on business, but even so, he enjoys returning home. 示例：约翰喜欢出差，但即便如此，他也喜欢回国。

"even though" = same as "although", but with more emphasis. 与“尽管”相同，但重点更多。 Example: The company's share price is extraordinary, even though they haven't yet made a profit. 示例：即使公司尚未获利，公司的股价也非常高。

even (adv): Referring to an extreme case or unusual event. 指极端情况或异常事件。 Examples: The new law is so simply drafted, even politicians can understand it. 例子：新法律的起草是如此简单，甚至政客也可以理解。 Lunch will be a while, I haven't even peeled the veggies! 午餐会过一会儿，我什至还没有剥掉蔬菜！ Even after paying for dinner and a movie, Fred had some money left. 即使在付完晚饭和看电影之后，弗雷德仍然有一些钱。 With the price of lithium rising, the billionaire miner has become even richer. 随着锂价的上涨，亿万富翁矿业公司变得更加富有。

evenly (adv): In an even way. 以均匀的方式。 Examples: The builder evenly spread the freshly-poured concrete. 示例：建筑商将新浇筑的混凝土均匀地摊开。 The two boxers were evenly matched. 两名拳击手平均分配。

even (v): To make something flat and level. 使东西平整。 Example: The builder evened the freshly-poured concrete with a straight-edge. 示例：建筑商用直尺将刚浇筑的混凝土弄平。 I/you/we/they/ even, he/she/it/ evens. /am/is/are/ evening. /all/ evened. /was/were/ evening. /shall/will/ even. /shall/will/ be evening.

"to get even" = To take revenge on someone. 向某人报仇。 Example: The employee wants to get even with her Boss for sacking her. 示例：员工因解雇她而希望与老板平和。

EXCHANGE 交流 / 外汇 / 交换 / 兑换

exchange (n), exchanges (pl): A place for trading goods or services, for example a Stock Exchange, a Foreign Currency Exchange. 买卖商品或服务的地方，例如证券交易所，外币兑换处。 Examples: The Australian Stock Exchange is fully computerised, and anyone with an account and an Internet connection can buy and sell shares. 示例：澳大利亚证券交易所完全计算机化，拥有帐户和互联网连接的任何人都可以买卖股票。 Companies can easily move money to and from overseas companies using an Internet-based Currency Exchange. 公司可以使用基于Internet的Currency Exchange轻松地将钱与海外公司往来。

exchange (n): A telephone exchange: originally a building for connecting telephone lines, now (in Australia) houses electronics for the NBN. 电话交换机：最初是用于连接电话线的建筑物，现在（在澳大利亚）装有NBN的电子设备。 Example: Our local exchange used to be crammed full of equipment, but now there is just one computer inside it! 示例：我们的本地交换机过去挤满了设备，但是现在里面只有一台计算机！

exchange (n): A conversation. 一个对话。 Example: After a short, angry exchange, the drunk man was led away by Police. 示例：经过短暂的愤怒交换，这名醉酒的男子被警察带走。

exchange (n): A swap of objects or some form of property. 交换对象或某种形式的属性。 Example: When Frank's new electric drill broke, he took it back to the supplier for an exchange unit. 示例：当弗兰克的新电钻坏了时，他把它带回了供应商那里进行更换。

exchange (n): In chemistry, movement of electricity or atoms through a barrier. 在化学中，电或原子通过势垒运动。 Example: Many water purifiers use ion-exchange resins to remove bacteria and other harmful substances from drinking water. 示例：许多净水器使用离子交换树脂去除饮用水中的细菌和其他有害物质。

"cultural exchange" = an exchange of ideas with other cultures. “文化交流” =与其他文化的思想交流。 Example: Australia runs cultural exchange programs with countries around the World. 示例：澳大利亚与世界各地的国家开展文化交流计划。

"exchange rate" = the ratio at which one currency can be exchanged for another. “汇率” =一种货币可兑换为另一种货币的比率。 Example: Today the exchange rate is: 1 Australian dollar buys 72 US cents. 示例：今天的汇率是：1澳元兑换72美分。

exchange (v): To swap objects or some form of property. 交换对象或某种形式的属性。 Examples: When Frank's electric drill broke, he took it back to the supplier, who exchanged it for a new one, free of charge. 示例：当弗兰克的电钻损坏时，他将其带回给供应商，供应商免费将其更换为新的。 The scientist attended a conference, which allowed her to exchange information with other researchers. 这位科学家参加了一次会议，使她得以与其他研究人员交换信息。 Before entering the laboratory, workers have to exchange their clothing for protective "hazmat" (= hazardous materials) suits. 在进入实验室之前，工作人员必须将其衣服换成防护服（即危险品）。 I/you/we/they/ exchange, he/she/it/ exchanges. /am/is/are/ exchanging (note spelling, no -E before -ING). /all/ exchanged (note spelling, single -E before -D). /was/were/ exchanging. /shall/will/ exchange. /shall/will/ be exchanging.

exchange (v): To buy and sell objects, in return for cash or other objects. 买卖物品，以换取现金或其他物品。 Examples: At the bank, the tourist exchanged 1000 US dollars for 1300 Australian dollars. 例如：在银行，游客用1000美元兑换1300澳元。 Sandra exchanged some of her Frequent Flyer points for a new iPad. 桑德拉（Sandra）将她的飞行常客积分换成了新的iPad。

EXPERIENCE 经验 / 经历 / 见识 / 阅历

experience (n), experiences (pl): An exciting event which you will remember for a long time. 您会记得很长时间的激动人心的事件。 Examples: A balloon ride over Sydney as day breaks, is a memorable experience. 示例：白天休息时乘坐气球飞越悉尼是一次难忘的经历。 The Anzac Day dawn service is an emotional experience. Anzac Day黎明服务是一种情感体验。

experience (n): A group of events from which you can obtain knowledge. 一组事件，您可以从中获取知识。 Example: The young footy team will benefit from the experience of playing the best team in the competition. 示例：年轻的足球队将受益于比赛中表现最好的球队的经验。

experience (n, uncountable): Knowledge gained from a group of events. 从一组事件中获得的知识。 Examples: The University expects its lecturers to have some experience in industry. 示例：大学希望其讲师具有一定的行业经验。 John knows a mechanical engineer who has years of experience in maintaining jet aircraft engines. 约翰认识一位机械工程师，他在喷气飞机发动机的维护方面具有多年的经验。

"to draw a lesson from experience" = to learn from an event or action. “从经验中吸取教训” =从事件或行动中学习。 Example: A good scientist must always be open to drawing lessons from experience. 例子：一个好的科学家必须始终敞开胸怀，汲取经验教训。

experienced (adj): Having much experience. 有很多经验。 Example: This doctor has worked for years in an Emergency Department of a hospital, and is experienced in treating drug-induced psychosis. 示例：该医生在医院急诊室工作了多年，并且在治疗药物性精神病方面经验丰富。

experience (v): To take part in exciting or memorable events. 参加激动人心或令人难忘的活动。 Examples: The tourist experienced an unforgettable balloon ride over Sydney at dawn. 示例：黎明时分，游客在悉尼难忘的气球之旅。 Sandra experienced a feeling of nervousness as she took the stage to present at the conference. 桑德拉（Sandra）登台出席会议时感到不安。 Every time the weather turns cold, Frank experiences aches in his hips. 每当天气转冷时，弗兰克都会感到臀部酸痛。 People who regularly experience stress are more likely to become ill. 经常承受压力的人更容易生病。 If you experience pain moving from your chest down one arm, get medical help immediately. 如果您感到疼痛从一只手的胸部向下移动，请立即寻求医疗帮助。 I/you/we/they/ experience, he/she/it/ experiences. /am/is/are/ experiencing (note spelling, no -E before -ING). /all/ experienced (note spelling, single -E before -D). /was/were/ experiencing. /shall/will/ experience. /shall/will/ be experiencing.

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