第118课：更多的单词有很多含义：I-K

Lesson 118: More Words with Many Meanings: I-K

ICE 冰 / 冰镇 / 使凉

ice (n, uncountable): Water in frozen (solid) form, at 0 degrees Celsius or below. 摄氏0度或以下的冻结（固态）形式的水。 Example: A glass of fruit juice with ice in it is perfect on a hot day! 示例：一杯加冰的果汁非常适合在炎热的天气中使用！

ices (n, plural): Ice-creams or flavoured ice sticks ("icy-poles" is an Australian favourite). 冰淇淋或调味的冰棍（“冰柱”是澳大利亚人的最爱）。 Example: At the Fair, Frank bought his grandchildren some ices. 示例：在博览会上，弗兰克给孙子买了一些冰。

ice (n, uncountable): A covering made of frozen water on a river, lake etc in cold weather. 寒冷天气下，在河，湖等上用冷冻水制成的覆盖物。 Example: In Victorian alpine towns, swimming pools must be drained for winter, otherwise they become covered in ice. 示例：在维多利亚时代的高山小镇，游泳池在冬天必须排干水，否则它们会被冰覆盖。

"dry ice" = a solid form of carbon dioxide. “干冰” =二氧化碳的固体形式。 Example: Dry ice changes from a solid directly to a gas at minus 78 degrees Celsius, so it can easily keep food such as ice-cream frozen. 示例：干冰在摄氏零下78度下从固体直接变为气体，因此可以轻松地使诸如冰淇淋之类的食物保持冷冻状态。

ice (n, uncountable): [SL:] A crystal form of the drug amphetamine. 苯丙胺的晶体形式。 Example: Police are dealing with a worrying increase in ice use, especially people using ice and then driving. 示例：警察正在处理令人担忧的冰用量增加问题，特别是先冰后开车的人。

"icing" = a covering for cakes etc, made of icing sugar and water or egg white, possibly creamed with butter. “糖衣” =蛋糕等的覆盖物，由糖粉和水或蛋清制成，可能还涂了黄油。 Example: Muriel put icing on a batch of cupcakes she had baked. 例如：穆里尔（Muriel）在她烤的一批纸杯蛋糕上锦上添花。

"black ice" = a layer of ice on a road, that cannot be seen, and can lead to a dangerous skid. “黑冰” =看不见的道路上的一层冰，可能会导致危险的打滑。 Example: In winter, a number of streets in Canberra become covered with black ice. 示例：冬天，堪培拉的许多街道都被黑冰覆盖。

"ICE" (abbreviation) = Institute of Civil Engineers / Internal Combustion Engine. “ ICE”（缩写）=土木工程师协会/内燃机。 Example: By 2030, many manufacturers will no longer make ICE cars, changing instead to electric power. 示例：到2030年，许多制造商将不再生产ICE汽车，而改用电力。

ice (v): To cool something with ice. 用冰冷却一些东西。 Example: The fishing company iced a shipment of fresh fish to send it to market. 示例：捕鱼公司将一批新鲜的鱼冰冻后送往市场。 I/you/we/they/ ice, he/she/it/ ices. /am/is/are/ icing (note spelling, no -E). /all/ iced (note spelling, single -E). /was/were/ icing. /shall/will/ ice. /shall/will/ be icing. I/you/we/they/ have iced, he/she/it/ has iced. I/you/we/they/ have been icing, he/she/it/ has been icing. /all/ had iced. /all/ had been icing. /shall/will/ have iced. /shall/will/ have been icing.

ice (v): To become ice, to freeze. 要变成冰，要冻结。 Example: In Victorian alpine towns, swimming pools must be drained for winter, otherwise they ice over. 示例：在维多利亚时代的高山城镇中，游泳池必须在冬天排干水，否则会结冰。

ice (v): To cover something, such as a cake, with icing. 用糖霜盖住东西，例如蛋糕 Example: Muriel has been icing a batch of cup-cakes she baked. 示例：Muriel一直在为她烤制的一批纸杯蛋糕锦上添花。

ice (v) [SL:]: To murder. 谋杀。 Example: A motor-cycle gang ([SL: a "bikie gang") iced the head of a rival gang, and police are hunting for the gang members responsible. 示例：一个摩托车帮派（[SL：一个” bikie帮派”）冰冻了对手帮派的头，警察正在追捕负责的帮派成员。

icy (adj): Feeling like ice. Covered with ice. 感觉像冰一样。 覆盖着冰。 Example: In winter, a number of streets in Canberra become icy. 示例：在冬天，堪培拉的许多街道都变得冰冷。

icy (adj): Emotionally cold. 情绪低落。 Example: The politician was given an icy reception when she addressed the crowd. 例子：当政客向人群讲话时，他受到了冷遇。

IMPACT 碰撞 / 弹着 / 揕 / 影响

impact (n), impacts (pl): An act of one object hitting another. Also called a "collision". 一个物体撞击另一物体的行为。 也称为“碰撞”。 Example: When the two trucks collided, the sound of the impact was heard for kilometres. 示例：当两辆卡车相撞时，听到的撞击声已经达到了几公里。

impact (n): A strong effect or influence. 强烈的影响或影响 Examples: Higher interest rates have an impact on borrowing. 示例：较高的利率会影响借款。 A visit to the Melbourne Aquarium had a great impact on Frank's grandchildren. 参观墨尔本水族馆对弗兰克的孙子孙女产生了重大影响。

"to cannon into" / "to run smack into" / "to meet head-on" = to impact something. “大炮进入” /“直接进入” /“迎面相遇” =冲击某物。 Examples: Betty walked quickly around a corner and ran smack into the Boss. 例子：贝蒂迅速走到拐角处，径直冲向老板。 Two trains somehow got onto the same stretch of track in thick fog, and met head-on. 两列火车以某种方式在浓雾中驶上了同一条路，迎面相遇。

impact (v): To collide with someone or something. 与某人或某物相撞 Example: The damaged satellite impacted in an uninhabited part of the Saudi Arabian desert. 示例：受损的卫星撞击了沙特阿拉伯沙漠的无人区。 I/you/we/they/ impact, he/she/it/ impacts. /am/is/are/ impacting. /all/ impacted. /was/were/ impacting. /shall/will/ impact. /shall/will/ be impacting. I/you/we/they/ have impacted, he/she/it/ has impacted. I/you/we/they/ have been impacting, he/she/it/ has been impacting. /all/ had impacted. /all/ had been impacting. /shall/will/ have impacted. /shall/will/ have been impacting.

impact (v): To have a strong effect on someone or something. 对某人或某物产生强烈影响 Example: Higher interest rates have been impacting on retail purchases, including housing. 示例：较高的利率已影响到包括房屋在内的零售购买。

INCH 英寸 / 寸

inch (n), inches (pl): A unit of length equal to one twelfth of a foot, or exactly 2.54 centimetres. 长度单位，等于十二分之一英尺，或正好为2.54厘米。 Example: The "foot" and the "inch" are called Imperial Units of measurement, and have been replaced in most of the World by Metric units such as "centimetre". 示例：“英尺”和“英寸”被称为英制测量单位，在世界上大部分地区已被“厘米”等公制单位所代替。

inch (n): A measurement of rainfall, the amount of water which would cover a surface to the depth of an inch. 降雨的量度，即覆盖表面达一英寸深的水量。 Example: Some parts of Melbourne had more than 2 inches of rain yesterday. 示例：昨天墨尔本的某些地区降雨超过2英寸。

inch (n): A measurement of liquid in a container, the amount of liquid that would fill the container to the depth of an inch. 容器中液体的量度，将填充容器至一英寸深度的液体量。 Example: The hiker was very thirsty, and only an inch of water remained in his drinking bottle. 示例：徒步旅行者非常口渴，他的饮水瓶中只剩下一英寸的水。

inch (n) [SL:]: A very short distance. 很短的距离。 Example: Although we pushed very hard, the broken-down truck did not move an inch. 示例：尽管我们用力推动，但发生故障的卡车并没有移动一英寸。

inch (v): To move very slowly, or a very short distance. 移动得非常慢或很短的距离。 Examples: The hiker inched very carefully along the narrow path, on the edge of a high cliff. 示例：远足者非常小心地沿着陡峭的小路，在高高的悬崖边缘上微微倾斜。 In the traffic jam, we have been inching forward slowly, hardly seeming to move. 在交通拥堵中，我们一直在缓慢前进，似乎没有动弹。 I/you/we/they/ inch, he/she/it/ inches (note spelling, -ES). /am/is/are/ inching. /all/ inched. /was/were/ inching. /shall/will/ inch. /shall/will/ be inching. I/you/we/they/ have inched, he/she/it/ has inched. I/you/we/they/ have been inching, he/she/it/ has been inching. /all/ had inched. /all/ had been inching. /shall/will/ have inched. /shall/will/ have been inching.

INCREASE 放大 / 丰富 / 提高 / 增长 / 增

increase (n), increases (pl): A process of becoming larger. 一个不断扩大的过程。 Example: The pandemic led to an increase in unemployment, but less than expected. 例：大流行导致失业增加，但低于预期。

increase (n): An amount by which some quantity becomes bigger or larger. 一定数量变得越来越大的数量。 Example: House prices in Sydney showed the largest increase of all Australian cities last year. 示例：悉尼的房价在去年显示了澳大利亚所有城市中涨幅最大的一年。

increase (v): (note pronunciation). To become larger. 变得更大。 Examples: House prices in Sydney increased the most last year. 示例：去年悉尼房价上涨最多。 Ice use is increasing at an alarming rate, and Police are struggling to cope. 冰的使用正以惊人的速度增长，警察正在努力应对。 I/you/we/they/ increase, he/she/it/ increases. /am/is/are/ increasing (note spelling, no -E). /all/ increased (note spelling, single -E). /was/were/ increasing. /shall/will/ increase. /shall/will/ be increasing. I/you/we/they/ have increased, he/she/it/ has increased. I/you/we/they/ have been increasing, he/she/it/ has been increasing. /all/ had increased. /all/ had been increasing. /shall/will/ have increased. /shall/will/ have been increasing.

increase (v): To make something larger. 使更大。 Example: The company increased its sales by 31 percent year-on-year. 示例：该公司的销售额同比增长了31％。

increase (v): To multiply by giving birth to offspring. 繁殖通过生下后代而繁殖。 Example: Emu numbers have been increasing quickly over the last decade. 例子：在过去的十年中，E的数量一直在迅速增长。

increasingly (adv): In a greater or faster manner. 以更大或更快的方式。 Example: Internet fraud is becoming increasingly sophisticated. 示例：Internet欺诈变得越来越复杂。

INFLUENCE 影响 / 势力 / 感化 / 感染 / 牵动

influence (n), influences (pl): The ability to affect someone or something. 影响某人或某物的能力。 Examples: David's last Secondary School science teacher had a great influence on his choice of career. 例子：大卫最后一位中学科学老师对他的职业选择产生了很大的影响。 Social media has had a negative influence on public courtesy. 社交媒体对公众礼貌产生了负面影响。

"an influencer" = a person on social media whose video or audio recordings affect the people who watch them. “影响者” =社交媒体上的视频或音频记录会影响观看者的人。 Example: The well-known influencer was criticised for claiming to have a cure for cancer. 例子：著名的影响者因声称可以治愈癌症而受到批评。

"under the influence" = affected by alcohol or drugs. “受到影响” =受酒精或毒品影响。 Example: The young driver, who was swerving from side to side, was suspected by Police of being under the influence. 例子：一名年轻的驾驶员，从一侧转向另一侧，被警方怀疑受到影响。

"DUI" = "driving under the influence", an act of driving while affected by alcohol or drugs. “ DUI” =“在影响下驾驶”，一种在酒精或毒品影响下驾驶的行为。 Example: The young driver was arrested by Police and appeared in court on a DUI charge. 示例：年轻驾驶员被警察逮捕，并以DUI罪名出庭。

influence (v): To have an effect on someone or something. 对某人或某物产生影响 Examples: David's last Secondary School science teacher greatly influenced his choice of career. 例子：大卫最后一位中学科学老师极大地影响了他的职业选择。 Eastern Australian states are influenced by the "El Nino" and "La Nina" weather systems. 澳大利亚东部各州受到“厄尔尼诺”和“拉尼娜”天气系统的影响。 I/you/we/they/ influence, he/she/it/ influences. /am/is/are/ influencing (note spelling, no -E). /all/ influenced (note spelling, single -E). /was/were/ influencing. /shall/will/ influence. /shall/will/ be influencing. I/you/we/they/ have influenced, he/she/it/ has influenced. I/you/we/they/ have been influencing, he/she/it/ has been influencing. /all/ had influenced. /all/ had been influencing. /shall/will/ have influenced. /shall/will/ have been influencing.

INSULT 侮辱 / 黩 / 污辱 / 凌 / 谇

insult (n), insults (pl): An action, including speaking, that is deliberately intended to be rude. 故意包括粗鲁的行为，包括讲话。 Example: The crowd at the footy match hurled insults at the umpires. 示例：足球比赛的人群向裁判员侮辱。

insult (n): Something that causes offence, for example something of poor quality or value. 导致犯罪的事物，例如质量或价值不高的事物。 Examples: The food in that Nursing Home is an insult to residents! 例子：疗养院里的食物是对居民的侮辱！ The company's low wage offer is an insult to their workforce. 该公司的低薪待遇是对员工的侮辱。

insult (n): In medicine, something that causes disease or injury. 在医学上，引起疾病或伤害的东西。 Example: Any surgery is an insult to the body, and generates stress and inflammation which requires treatment. 例如：任何手术都是对身体的侮辱，会产生压力和发炎，需要治疗。

insult (v): (note pronunciation): To be rude or insolent to somebody. 对某人粗鲁或无礼。 Example: At the wine bar, a drunk man insulted Fred's girlfriend. 例子：在酒吧里，一个醉汉侮辱了弗雷德的女友。 I/you/we/they/ insult, he/she/it/ insults. /am/is/are/ insulting. /all/ insulted. /was/were/ insulting. /shall/will/ insult. /shall/will/ be insulting. I/you/we/they/ have insulted, he/she/it/ has insulted. I/you/we/they/ have been insulting, he/she/it/ has been insulting. /all/ had insulted. /all/ had been insulting. /shall/will/ have insulted. /shall/will/ have been insulting.

insulting (adj): Causing offence. 造成犯罪。 Example: At the wine bar, a drunk man made insulting comments about Fred's girlfriend. 例子：在酒吧里，一个醉汉对弗雷德的女友做出侮辱性的评论。

insultingly (adv): In an insulting way. 以侮辱的方式。 Example: The crowd at the footy match shouted insultingly at the umpires. 例子：足球比赛中的人群侮辱了裁判。

INTEREST 利益 / 兴趣 / 利息 / 关心 / 注意

interest (n, uncountable): A price paid for receiving credit, usually shown as a "rate", a percent of the amount borrowed. 为获得信贷而支付的价格，通常显示为“利率”，即借款金额的百分比。 Examples: The interest payable on home loans is at record lows. 示例：房屋贷款应付利息创历史新低。 The interest rate on credit card purchases is unreasonably high. 信用卡购买的利率过高。

interest (n, uncountable): Attention or curiosity about something. 对某事的注意或好奇心。 Examples: At the Melbourne Aquarium, Frank's grandchildren looked around them with great interest. 示例：在墨尔本水族馆，弗兰克（Frank）的孙子们非常感兴趣地环顾四周。 There is interest from the Government Auditor in this politician's spending habits. 政府审计员对这位政客的消费习惯很感兴趣。

interest (n), interests (pl): Something in which you are interested, such as a hobby. 您感兴趣的事物，例如业余爱好。 Examples: Frank has an interest in model trains. 示例：弗兰克（Frank）对模型火车感兴趣。 Sandra's interests are many and varied, from gardening to opera. 从园艺到歌剧，桑德拉（Sandra）的兴趣是多种多样的。

interest (n): A share, stake or involvement in a business or financial undertaking. 股份，股份或参与业务或财务承诺。 Example: Betty has an interest in a solar energy producer. 示例：贝蒂（Betty）对一家太阳能生产商感兴趣。

interest (n): The benefit of a person, or group of people. Often said as "the public interest". 一个人或一群人的利益。 常被称为“公共利益”。 Example: The merging of two mobile phone companies is not in the public interest, because it will reduce competition. 示例：两家手机公司的合并不符合公共利益，因为这会减少竞争。

interest (v): To excite people, to make them want to learn more about something. 激发人们的兴趣，使他们想了解更多关于某事的知识。 Examples: The sharks at the Melbourne Aquarium really interested Frank's grandchildren. 示例：墨尔本水族馆的鲨鱼确实引起了弗兰克的孙子们的兴趣。 Fred's girlfriend tried to interest him in ballet, just once! 弗雷德的女友只想让他对芭蕾舞产生兴趣！ I/you/we/they/ interest, he/she/it/ interests. /am/is/are/ interesting. /all/ interested. /was/were/ interesting. /shall/will/ interest. /shall/will/ be interesting. I/you/we/they/ have interested, he/she/it/ has interested. I/you/we/they/ have been interesting, he/she/it/ has been interesting. /all/ had interested. /all/ had been interesting. /shall/will/ have interested. /shall/will/ have been interesting.

interesting (adj): Creating curiosity. 产生好奇心。 Example: At the Melbourne Aquarium, Frank's grandchildren found the sharks to be very interesting. 示例：在墨尔本水族馆，弗兰克（Frank）的孙子们发现鲨鱼非常有趣。

interestingly (adv): In an interesting way. 以一种有趣的方式。 Example: Interestingly, the new car needs a service only every 20,000 km. 示例：有趣的是，新车仅需要每20,000公里进行一次保养。

IRON 铁 / 熨 / 烙铁 / 烫 / 坚毅的

iron (n, uncountable): A strong, magnetic metal, used in making steel. 一种强磁性金属，用于制造钢。 (Note pronunciation: silent -R). （注发音：无声-R）。 Examples: Iron ore is Australia's biggest export earner. 示例：铁矿石是澳大利亚最大的出口收入来源。 The chemical symbol for iron is "Fe", from the Latin word "ferrum". 铁的化学符号为“ Fe”，源于拉丁语“ ferrum”。

iron (n), irons (pl): A golf club used for driving the ball medium distances. 高尔夫球杆，用于将球击出中等距离的高尔夫球杆。 Example: In golf, a player uses a driver for long shots, an iron for medium shots and a putter for short distances. 例如：在高尔夫比赛中，球员使用发球杆进行远距离投掷，使用铁杆进行中距离投掷，并使用轻击棒进行短距离击球。

iron (n): An object, made of iron or steel, that is heated and used to transfer that heat to something else. 由铁或钢制成的物体，被加热并用于将热量传递给其他物体。 Examples: A soldering iron is used to melt solder, when making or repairing electrical objects. 示例：在制造或修理电气物体时，使用烙铁熔化焊料。 A branding iron is used to brand animals (= burn the owner's mark into their skin). 烙铁用于对动物进行烙印（=将所有者的商标烧入它们的皮肤）。 A clothes iron is used to press wrinkles from clothing. 熨斗用于熨烫衣服上的皱纹。

iron (n, uncountable): Strength or power. 力量还是力量。 Example: The king had a will of iron. 例子：国王有钢铁意志。

"iron level" = a measure of health, the amount of an iron compound called "haemoglobin" in your blood. “铁水平” =健康的量度，即血液中称为“血红蛋白”的铁化合物的量。 Examples: Heavy menstruation can affect a woman's iron level. 例如：月经期过多会影响女性的铁水平。 Iron deficiency is also called "anaemia". 铁缺乏症也称为“贫血”。 Vegetarians and vegans are at risk of low iron levels. 素食主义者和素食主义者有低铁含量的风险。

iron (v): To press wrinkles out of clothing using a clothes iron. 用熨斗将皱纹从衣服上压下来。 Example: Alice listened to a podcast on her phone as she ironed her clothes. 示例：爱丽丝熨烫衣服时，听了她手机上的播客。 I/you/we/they/ iron, he/she/it/ irons. /am/is/are/ ironing. /all/ ironed. /was/were/ ironing. /shall/will/ iron. /shall/will/ be ironing. I/you/we/they/ have ironed, he/she/it/ has ironed. I/you/we/they/ have been ironing, he/she/it/ has been ironing. /all/ had ironed. /all/ had been ironing. /shall/will/ have ironed. /shall/will/ have been ironing.

"to iron out" = to solve a problem. “解决” =解决问题。 Example: We want to iron out problems with our software crashing, before we install it on all our computers. 示例：我们想在所有计算机上安装软件之前解决软件崩溃的问题。

iron (adj): Made of iron. 由铁制成。 Example: The wine barrel had iron hoops, which unfortunately rusted quite quickly. 例子：酒桶上有铁圈，不幸的是很快生锈了。

iron (adj): Having great strength or will. 有力量或意志的。 Examples: The trap held the animal's leg in a grip of iron. 示例：陷阱将动物的腿握在铁夹子中。 In mid-winter, cold held the mountains in its iron grip. 冬季中旬，寒冷使山脉牢牢地握在铁腕上。

ferric (adj): To do with iron, or containing iron. 用铁做的，或含铁的。 Example: Ferric is used to describe iron compounds in which the iron is in a "trivalent state", showing how it combines with other elements. 示例：铁用于描述铁处于“三价态”的铁化合物，表明其如何与其他元素结合。 For example, ferric oxide (best known as "rust") has a chemical symbol Fe2O3 and is used to coat magnetic tapes. 例如，氧化铁（最好称为“铁锈”）的化学符号为Fe2O3，用于涂覆磁带。

ferrous (adj): To do with iron, or containing iron. 用铁做的，或含铁的。 Example: Ferrous is used to describe iron compounds in which the iron is in a "divalent state", showing how it combines with other elements. 示例：亚铁用于描述其中铁处于“二价状态”的铁化合物，表明其如何与其他元素结合。 For example, ferrous oxide has a chemical symbol FeO and is used in making glass and steel. 例如，氧化亚铁的化学符号为FeO，用于制造玻璃和钢。

"in irons" = wearing shackles. “铁腕上” =戴着戴铐。 Example: The prisoners were paraded by their guards in irons. 例子：囚犯被铁卫队的守卫游行。

ITCH 发痒 / 痒痒

itch (n), itches (pl: note spelling -ES): An unpleasant feeling on your skin which makes you want to scratch it. 皮肤上有一种不愉快的感觉，让你想抓挠它。 Example: Muriel touched some nettles while she was gardening, and her hand has had an annoying itch for the last hour. 例子：穆里尔在园艺时摸了些荨麻，并且她的手在最后一个小时发痒。

itch (n): A desire that will not go away. 一种渴望不会消失。 Examples: Alice has an itch to take a holiday in Vietnam. 例子：爱丽丝渴望在越南度假。 Fred has an itch to feel his girlfriend's nipples. 弗雷德想摸他女朋友的乳头。

"a 7-year itch" [SL:] = a popular belief that happiness in a marriage decreases after about 7 years. “7 年之痒” [SL:] = 一种普遍的看法，即婚姻中的幸福感会在大约 7 年后下降。 Example: Marilyn Monroe starred in the film "The 7-Year Itch", making the phrase famous. 示例：玛丽莲·梦露（Marilyn Monroe）出演了电影《七年之痒》，这句话很出名。

itch (v): To make you want to scratch. 让你想挠。 Example: Muriel touched some nettles while she was gardening, and her hand has itched for the last hour. 示例：Muriel 在园艺时触摸了一些荨麻，最后一个小时她的手一直在发痒。 I/you/we/they/ itch, he/she/it/ itches (note spelling, -ES). /am/is/are/ itching. /all/ itched. /was/were/ itching. /shall/will/ itch. /shall/will/ be itching. I/you/we/they/ have itched, he/she/it/ has itched (note spelling, -ED). I/you/we/they/ have been itching, he/she/it/ has been itching. /all/ had itched. /all/ had been itching. /shall/will/ have itched. /shall/will/ have been itching.

itch (v): To desire something. 渴望某事。 Example: Alice is itching to take a holiday in Vietnam. 示例：爱丽丝很想去越南度假。

itchy (adj): Making you want to scratch. 让您想抓挠。 Example: Although her hand feels itchy, Muriel is trying hard not to scratch it. 示例：尽管她的手感觉发痒，但穆里尔（Muriel）仍在努力不刮伤它。

JAIL 监狱 / 牢 / 拘留所 / 入狱 / 监禁 / 关押

jail (n), jails (pl) [US: gaol): A place in which to lock up people accused of a crime (= "on remand") or convicted of a crime (= "in detention"). 关押被控犯罪（=“还押”）或被判犯罪（=“拘留”）的人的地方。 Examples: The accountant who cooked the books received 4 years' jail. 示例： 编写书籍的会计师被判入狱 4 年。 VIC has a "tough on crime" political policy, with thousands of people in jail. 维多利亚国际中心有“严厉打击犯罪”的政治政策，有成千上万的人入狱。

A jail is also called "a house of correction" or a "correctional facility". 监狱也被称为“惩教所”或“惩教设施”。 Example: The teenager who robbed an elderly woman was sent to a correctional facility in Ballarat. 示例：抢劫一名老年妇女的少年被送往巴拉瑞特 (Ballarat) 的惩教所。

"a jail sentence" = time to be served in jail after being convicted of a crime. “监禁刑罚” =被判罪后入狱的时间。 Example: The prosecution argued for a long jail sentence, saying that the crime was very brutal. 示例：检方要求判处长期徒刑，说该罪行非常残酷。

jail (v): To put someone in jail. 把某人关进监狱。 Example: The driver was charged with DUI, convicted and jailed for 18 months. 例如：司机被控酒驾，被判入狱 18 个月。 I/you/we/they/ jail, he/she/it/ jails. /am/is/are/ jailing. /all/ jailed. /was/were/ jailing. /shall/will/ jail. /shall/will/ be jailing. I/you/we/they/ have jailed, he/she/it/ has jailed. I/you/we/they/ have been jailing, he/she/it/ has been jailing. /all/ had jailed. /all/ had been jailing. /shall/will/ have jailed. /shall/will/ have been jailing.

Other idiomatic phrases meaning "to put in jail" are: 其他惯用语的意思是“入狱”： to put in custody, 拘留， to put inside, 放进去， to put behind bars, 藏在牢里 ， to put under lock and key, 锁上钥匙， to detain at Her Majesty's pleasure, 以女王陛下的名义拘留， to bang up, 砰的一声， to send down. 送下来。

There are many idioms meaning "in jail": 有很多成语意思是“在监狱里”： in the clink, 在碰杯中， in the slammer, 在砰的一声， banged up, 撞了， behind bars, 牢狱之灾， inside, 里面， in stir, 在搅动中， in the jug, 在水罐里， in the brig, 在贿赂中， in the glasshouse, 在温室里， in the nick, 在缺口中， in the pen, 在笔中， in the cooler, 在冷却器中， in the pokey. 在口袋里。

JAM 果酱 / 干扰 / 酱 / 湮

jam (n), jams (pl): A mixture of fruit boiled with sugar, poured into jars and allowed to "set" (= become soft but not liquid). 将加糖煮熟的水果混合物倒入广口瓶中，使其“凝固”（=变软但不呈液体）。 Examples: Betty spent a couple of hours bottling strawberry jam. 例子：贝蒂花了几个小时来装草莓酱。 The English word "marmalade", which is a type of jam usually made from oranges or lemons, comes from the Greek word for jam, "marmalada". 英文单词“果酱”是通常由橙子或柠檬制成的一种果酱，源自希腊语中的果酱“ marmalada”。

jam (n): A difficult situation. 困难的局面。 Example: Fred can do stupid things, and regularly finds himself in a jam. 例如：弗雷德会做一些愚蠢的事情，并经常陷入困境。

Other idiomatic phrases for "in a jam" are: 其他“惯用语”的惯用语是： in a spot of trouble, 在遇到麻烦的地方， in a bit of bother, 有点麻烦， in a ticklish situation, 在痒痒的情况下， in a pickle, 在泡菜中， in an awkward situation, 在尴尬的情况下， in hot water, 在热水中， in a fine kettle of fish. 在一个细鱼缸里。

jam (n): A stoppage of a machine. 一台机器的停机。 Example: Alice was printing a long report, when the printer had a paper jam. 示例：当打印机发生卡纸时，爱丽丝正在打印一份较长的报告。

jam (n): A blockage. 一个堵塞。 "a traffic jam" = a situation where too many vehicles try to travel along a road, and they all have to stop. “交通拥堵” =太多车辆试图沿着道路行驶而都必须停车的情况。 Example: Melbourne residents have to put up with more and more traffic jams. 示例：墨尔本居民不得不忍受越来越多的交通拥堵。

jam (n): A group musical improvisation (= the players compose the music as they play). 一组即兴演奏的音乐（=演奏者在演奏时作曲）。 Example: At the Fair, a jazz trio was having a jam session, interesting a large crowd. 示例：在博览会上，一个爵士三重奏正在进行即兴演奏，吸引了一大群人。

jam (v): To squeeze or pack something into a small space. 将东西挤压或包装在狭小的空间中。 Example: Alice jammed a few clothes into a suitcase and rushed to catch a taxi to the airport. 例子：爱丽丝把几件衣服塞进手提箱，急忙搭出租车去机场。 I/you/we/they/ jam, he/she/it/ jams. /am/is/are/ jamming (note spelling, double-M). /all/ jammed (note spelling, double-M). /was/were/ jamming. /shall/will/ jam. /shall/will/ be jamming. I/you/we/they/ have jammed, he/she/it/ has jammed. I/you/we/they/ have been jamming, he/she/it/ has been jamming. /all/ had jammed. /all/ had been jamming. /shall/will/ have jammed. /shall/will/ have been jamming.

jam (v): To squeeze yourself into a small space. 把自己挤在一个狭小的空间里。 Example: Ten of us jammed into a lift [US: elevator]. 示例：我们十个人挤进了电梯[US：电梯]。

jam (v): To improvise music as a group. 作为一个团体即兴创作音乐。 Example: We got together with a couple of friends and jammed until 11 pm, when the neighbours complained about the noise. 例子：我们和几个朋友聚在一起，一直挤到晚上11点，那时邻居抱怨噪音。

jam (v): To stop working because of a blockage. 由于堵塞而停止工作。 Example: Alice was printing a long report, when the printer jammed. 示例：Alice 正在打印一份长报告，但打印机卡住了。

jam (v): To block or interfere with a radio signal. 阻止或干扰无线电信号。 Example: A transmitter tuned to the same frequency as a radio station will jam the signal. 示例：调谐到与无线电台相同频率的发射器会干扰信号。

JOIN 联合 / 联结 / 连接 / 加入 / 参加

join (n), joins (pl): A place where two or more things are fastened together. Also called a "joint". 两件或两件以上的东西固定在一起的地方。 也称为“关节”。 Examples: In plumbing, lengths of copper tube can be soldered to form a join. 示例：在管道中，可以焊接一定长度的铜管以形成连接。 In electrical wiring, cables can be screwed together in a junction box to form a join. 在电线中，电缆可以在接线盒中拧在一起以形成连接。 In carpentry, pieces of timber can be glued to form a joint. 在木工中，可以将木块粘合以形成接头。

join (v): To combine two or more objects to make one. 将两个或多个物体组合成一个。 Example: A word processor easily joins sentences to make paragraphs. 示例：文字处理器可以轻松地将句子连接起来形成段落。 I/you/we/they/ join, he/she/it/ joins. /am/is/are/ joining. /all/ joined. /was/were/ joining. /shall/will/ join. /shall/will/ be joining. I/you/we/they/ have joined, he/she/it/ has joined. I/you/we/they/ have been joining, he/she/it/ has been joining. /all/ had joined. /all/ had been joining. /shall/will/ have joined. /shall/will/ have been joining.

join (v): To come together in a group. 聚在一起。 Examples: "We're going to the beach!" "Great, may I join you?" 例如：“我们要去海滩！” “太好了，我可以加入你吗？” The staff joined the Boss to wish the Receptionist a happy honeymoon. 工作人员和老板一起祝接待员蜜月愉快。

join (v): To become a member of a group. 成为团体的一员。 Examples: Sandra has joined the Labor Party as a volunteer. 示例： 桑德拉作为志愿者加入了工党。 Countries joined together to form the United Nations. 各国联合起来组成了联合国。

join (v): To unite people in marriage. 使人们在婚姻中团结起来。 Example: The priest said "I join these young people in marriage." 例子：牧师说：“我和这些年轻人结婚。”

"join the dots" = to connect a numbered set of dots on a page to make a picture. “加入点 ” = 连接页面上的一组编号点以制作图片。 Example: Muriel's grand-daughter enjoys joining the dots and colouring in the picture they make. 示例：Muriel 的孙女喜欢在他们制作的图片中加入点和着色。

"join the dots" = to think about a set of facts, to see how they describe some event. “加入点 ” = 思考一组事实，看看它们如何描述某个事件。 Example: The fishermen have been missing for two days, and a lifejacket washed up this morning, so we can join the dots and assume they drowned. 示例：渔民已经失踪两天了，今天早上救生衣被冲走了，所以我们可以加入这些点并假设他们淹死了。

JOKE 笑话 / 玩笑 / 开玩笑

joke (n), jokes (pl): An amusing story. 一个有趣的故事。 Example: At the party, a guest made a joke about his attempt to ride a horse. 示例：在聚会上，一位客人开玩笑说他想骑马。

joke (n): Something that is not serious and is said or done for amusement. 不严肃的事情，是为了娱乐而说或做的事情。 Example: On the 1st of April each year, called "April Fools Day", some people play jokes on other people. 例子：每年的 4 月 1 日，被称为“愚人节”，有些人会开别人的玩笑。

joke (n) [SL:] A thing or person that is so worthless, people laugh. 一个如此毫无价值的事物或人，人们会笑。 Example: The State Government's public consultation about the new freeway was a joke. 示例：州政府关于新高速公路的公众咨询是个笑话。

joke (v): To do or say something to amuse people. 做或说某事取悦人们。 Example: At the party, a guest joked about his attempt to ride a horse. 示例：在聚会上，一位客人开玩笑说他想骑马。 I/you/we/they/ joke, he/she/it/ jokes. /am/is/are/ joking (note spelling, no -E). /all/ joked (note spelling, single -E). /was/were/ joking. /shall/will/ joke. /shall/will/ be joking. I/you/we/they/ have joked, he/she/it/ has joked. I/you/we/they/ have been joking, he/she/it/ has been joking. /all/ had joked. /all/ had been joking. /shall/will/ have joked. /shall/will/ have been joking.

JUDGE 法官 / 裁判 / 判断 / 判定 / 评判

judge (n), judges (pl): A public official appointed to decide cases in a court of law. 被任命在法庭上裁决案件的公职人员。 Examples: A Magistrate is the lowest-court judge. 示例：地方法官是最低级法院的法官。 Other English words for a judge are: a Justice, Your Honour, His Honour, Her Honour. 法官的其他英语单词是：a Justice, Your Honour, His Honour, Her Honour。

judge (n): A person who decides the fate of someone or something that has been called into question. 决定被质疑的人或事的命运的人。 Example: A medical expert was asked to be a judge of evidence in a trial. 示例：一位医学专家被要求在审判中担任证据法官。

judge (n): A person officiating at a sports event or similar. 主持体育赛事或类似活动的人。 Examples: The cookery judges tasted every entry at the Fair. 例子：烹饪评委品尝了博览会上的每一个条目。 A boxing match usually has three judges. 一场拳击比赛通常有三名裁判。

judge (n): A person who evaluates something or forms an opinion. 评估某事或形成意见的人。 Example: Betty is a good judge of character (= she can judge if a person is honest, hard-working etc). 示例：贝蒂是一个很好的性格判断者（=她可以判断一个人是否诚实、勤奋等）。

judge (v): To act as a judge in a court of law. 在法庭上担任法官。 Example: The Magistrate will be judging 12 cases today. 示例：裁判官今天将审理 12 起案件。 A judge is said "to sit in judgment" and "to pass sentences". 示例：法官被称为“坐下审判”和“宣判”。 I/you/we/they/ judge, he/she/it/ judges. /am/is/are/ judging (note spelling, no -E). /all/ judged (note spelling, single -E). /was/were/ judging. /shall/will/ judge. /shall/will/ be judging. I/you/we/they/ have judged, he/she/it/ has judged. I/you/we/they/ have been judging, he/she/it/ has been judging. /all/ had judged. /all/ had been judging. /shall/will/ have judged. /shall/will/ have been judging.

judge (v): To form an opinion. 形成意见。 Examples: In thick fog, it was hard to judge where the edge of the road was. 例子：在浓雾中，很难判断路的边缘在哪里。 Fred judged that a new gold miner would do well on the Stock Market. Fred 判断一个新的金矿商会在股票市场上做得很好。

judge (v): To criticise another person or thing. 批评他人或事物。 Example: People who judge others are called "judgmental". 例子：评判他人的人被称为“评判性的”。

judge (v): To form an opinion and settle a dispute. 形成意见并解决争端。 Example: The newspaper was judged to have defamed the businessman by publishing wrong information about him. 示例：该报被判定为通过发布有关他的错误信息来诽谤该商人。

KEEP 养活 / 供养 / 保持 / 保留 / 养

keep (n, uncountable): The food or money needed for someone to remain alive and healthy. 某人维持生命和健康所需的食物或金钱。 Examples: It's unacceptable when a person has to work overtime to earn their keep. 示例：当一个人必须加班以赚取收入时，这是不可接受的。 Keep is also called: "maintenance", "subsistence", "support" and "room and board". 供养也被称为：“维持”、“生存”、“支持”和“食宿”。

keep (n), keeps (pl): The main tower of a castle, inside the castle's walls. 城堡的主塔，在城堡的城墙内。 Example: A castle's keep is designed to be the last part of the castle to fall to an enemy. 示例：城堡的要塞设计为城堡最后落入敌人手中的部分。 Also called: "stronghold", "citadel". 又称：“据点”、“堡垒”。

keep (v): To provide the food or money needed for one or more people to remain alive and healthy. 为一个或多个人提供维持生命和健康所需的食物或金钱。 Example: Fred's girlfriend wants to be kept in the manner to which she is accustomed. 示例：Fred 的女朋友希望以她习惯的方式被关照。 I/you/we/they/ keep, he/she/it/ keeps. /am/is/are/ keeping. /all/ kept (note spelling, irregular verb). /was/were/ keeping. /shall/will/ keep. /shall/will/ be keeping. I/you/we/they/ have kept, he/she/it/ has kept. I/you/we/they/ have been keeping, he/she/it/ has been keeping. /all/ had kept. /all/ had been keeping. /shall/will/ have kept. /shall/will/ have been keeping.

keep (v): To have something, or to continue having it. 拥有某物，或继续拥有它。 Example: Betty gave one copy of the report to her Boss, and kept a copy for herself. 例子：贝蒂把一份报告给了她的老板，自己留了一份。

keep (v): To do something, or to continue doing it. 做某事，或继续做某事。 Examples: When driving in Australia, keep to the left unless you are turning right. 示例：在澳大利亚开车时，除非您要右转，否则请靠左行驶。 The autopilot keeps the aircraft exactly on course. 自动驾驶仪使飞机准确地保持在航线上。 If these drug dealers are so clever, then why do the Police keep locking them up? 如果这些毒贩这么聪明，那为什么警察要把他们锁起来呢？ Ernie keeps having brief dizzy spells. He decides to see his doctor about them. 厄尼持续有短暂的晕眩咒语。 他决定去看医生。 She keeps trying to get her book published but I think she's beating a dead horse. 例子：她一直在努力使她的书出版，但我认为她在击败一匹死马。

"to keep on about something" = to keep talking or asking about something. “继续谈论某事” = 继续谈论或询问某事。 Example: Muriel's grand-daughter kept on about going to the playground, until Muriel gave in and took her there. 示例：Muriel 的孙女不停地去操场，直到 Muriel 屈服并带她去那里。

keep (v): To maintain the condition of something. 维持某物的状态。 Example: Muriel keeps her garden neat and tidy. 穆丽尔保持她的花园整洁。

keep (v): To write or type accounts or other records in a book. 在书中书写或键入帐户或其他记录。 Examples: The company's book-keeper keeps very accurate records. 示例：公司的簿记员保留非常准确的记录。 Fred needs to take more care with his record-keeping. 弗雷德需要更加谨慎地保存记录。

keep (v): To breed and look after animals. 饲养和照顾动物。 Example: A friend of Sandra's keeps alpacas for their fine wool. 示例：Sandra 的一位朋友饲养羊驼以获得优质的羊毛。

keep (v): To manage a shop or other business. 管理商店或其他业务。 Example: David's parents keep a pub in North Melbourne. 示例：大卫的父母在北墨尔本经营一家酒吧。

keep (v): To usually have something in stock for selling. 通常有库存的东西可以出售。 Example: Frank's local newsagent always keeps copies of his favourite model-making magazine. 示例：弗兰克当地的报刊亭总是保留着他最喜欢的模特制作杂志的副本。

keep (v): To continue to be edible (= able to be eaten). 继续可食用（= 可以食用）。 Example: If you put biscuits in a sealed container, they should keep for weeks. 示例：如果您将饼干放入密封容器中，它们应该可以保存数周。

keep (v): To honour a promise. 为了兑现承诺。 Example: Frank kept his promise to take his grandchildren to the Aquarium. 示例：弗兰克兑现了带孙子孙女去水族馆的承诺。

keep (v): To prevent yourself, or someone else, from doing something. 防止自己或其他人做某事。 Examples: "Keep your hands off me!!" 例子：“把手从我身上拿开！！” When she is at home, Alice has to keep herself from snacking between meals. 当她在家时，爱丽丝必须避免在两餐之间吃零食。

keep (v): In the sport of cricket, to act as a wicket-keeper. 在板球运动中，充当守门员。 Example: "Our usual keeper is ill today. Can someone keep for us?" said the team captain. 例如：“我们平常的看守人今天生病了。有人可以帮我们看守吗？” 队长说。

keep (v): To observe or stay faithful to some belief. 遵守或忠于某种信仰。 Example: Observant Jews keep the Sabbath. 示例：遵守安息日的犹太人。

keep (v): To delay someone. 耽误某人。 Example: "I won't keep you, I know you've got customers to see." said Yan to John. 例如：“我不会留你，我知道你有客户要见。”艳对约翰说。

KISS 接吻 / 亲嘴 / 吻 / 亲吻 / 亲

kiss (n), kisses (pl): A touch using your lips, showing love or as a greeting. 用你的嘴唇触摸，表达爱意或作为问候。 Example: Frank always gives Muriel a kiss when they go to bed. 示例：Frank 总是在 Muriel 上床睡觉时亲吻他们。

kiss (n): An 'X' mark placed at the end of a letter, email, text etc. 放置在信件、电子邮件、文本等末尾的“X”标记。 Example: John ended a text to Yan with the line "Love and kisses, John xxxxxxxxx". 示例：John 以“Love and Kisses, John xxxxxxxxx”行结束给艳的文本。

kiss (n): In the sports of billiards and snooker, a slight touch of one ball on another, to move it very slowly. 在台球和斯诺克运动中，将一个球轻轻接触另一个球，使其移动非常缓慢。 Example: The snooker player gave a red ball enough of a kiss to drop it into a corner pocket. 例子：斯诺克选手给了一个红球一个足够的吻，让它掉进角落的口袋里。

kiss (v): To touch using your lips, showing love or as a greeting. 用嘴唇触摸，表达爱意或问候。 Examples: Frank always kisses Muriel when they go to bed. 示例：弗兰克总是在他们上床睡觉时亲吻穆丽尔。 Yan kisses John with longing whenever they meet. 每当他们见面时，Yan 就会满怀渴望地亲吻 John。 I/you/we/they/ kiss, he/she/it/ kisses (note spelling, -ES). /am/is/are/ kissing. /all/ kissed. /was/were/ kissing. /shall/will/ kiss. /shall/will/ be kissing. I/you/we/they/ have kissed, he/she/it/ has kissed. I/you/we/they/ have been kissing, he/she/it/ has been kissing. /all/ had kissed. /all/ had been kissing. /shall/will/ have kissed. /shall/will/ have been kissing.

kiss (v): In the sports of billiards and snooker, for a ball to slightly touch another ball. 在台球和斯诺克的运动中，一个球轻轻接触另一个球。 Example: The snooker player kissed a red ball with the cue ball, and dropped it into a corner pocket. 例子：斯诺克选手用母球吻了一个红球，然后把它扔进角落的口袋里。

kiss (v): To mark an 'X' at the end of a letter, email, text etc. 在信件、电子邮件、文本等的末尾标记“X”。 Example: John kissed Yan at the end of his text. 示例：约翰在他的文字末尾亲吻了艳。

KNIT 针织品 / 针织 / 编织 / 黹

knit (n), knits (pl): (note silent -K). A piece of knitted clothing. 一件针织服装。 Example: Alice loves to wear knits, although they are harder to take care of than synthetics. 示例：Alice 喜欢穿针织衫，尽管它们比合成纤维更难打理。

knit (v): To make fabric by forming interlocking loops of thread or yarn. 通过形成线或纱线的互锁环来制作织物。 Example: In her spare time, Betty is gradually knitting a cardigan for a friend's baby. 闲暇之余，贝蒂正逐渐为朋友的宝宝织一件开衫。 I/you/we/they/ knit, he/she/it/ knits. /am/is/are/ knitting (note spelling, double-T). /all/ knitted (note spelling, double-T). /was/were/ knitting. /shall/will/ knit. /shall/will/ be knitting. I/you/we/they/ have knitted, he/she/it/ has knitted. I/you/we/they/ have been knitting, he/she/it/ has been knitting. /all/ had knitted. /all/ had been knitting. /shall/will/ have knitted. /shall/will/ have been knitting.

knit (v): For objects to join by themselves firmly and closely. 使物体自身牢固而紧密地连接在一起。 Example: Children's broken bones knit very quickly. Elderly people's bones knit much more slowly. 例子：孩子们断了的骨头缝得很快。 老年人的骨头编织得更慢。

knit (v): To unite for a common cause. 为了共同的事业团结起来。 Example: Under the leadership of Boudicca, the many Celtic English tribes began to knit together and oppose the Roman invaders. 例子：在布狄卡的领导下，许多凯尔特英国部落开始联合起来反对罗马侵略者。

knit (v): To tighten your forehead or eyebrows in a frown. 皱眉收紧前额或眉毛。 Example: David knitted his brows as he tried to understand an exam question. 示例：大卫在试图理解一道试题时皱起了眉头。

"closely-knit" (adj) = a group of people such as a family who support each other is described as "closely-knit". “紧密结合” (adj) = 一群人，比如一家人，互相支持，被描述为“紧密结合”。 Example: Sandra comes from a closely-knit family. 示例：桑德拉来自一个关系密切的家庭。

KNOCK 打击 / 揕 / 敲 / 磕 / 叩

knock (n), knocks (pl): (note silent -K). A sharp noise, for example from someone rapping their knuckles on a door or window. 尖锐的噪音，例如有人用指关节敲击门或窗。 Example: Just after midnight, Frank and Muriel heard a knock at their door. 示例：刚过午夜，弗兰克和穆丽尔听到敲门声。

knock (n): A physical impact. 物理冲击。 Examples: The footy player received a hard knock and will be rested for 12 days while she is checked for concussion. 示例：足球运动员受到重击，在检查脑震荡期间将休息 12 天。 Slang words meaning "knock" are: "clout", "wallop" and "bash". 意为“敲”的俚语有：“打击”、“冲击力”和“猛击”。

knock (n): An economic impact. 经济影响。 Example: The tourism industry received a hard knock from the pandemic. 示例：旅游业受到大流行的沉重打击。

knock (n): Criticism. 批评。 Example: The council's plan for redeveloping the shopping centre received a number of knocks, especially from shop-owners. 示例： 市议会重新开发购物中心的计划受到了多次敲门声，尤其是来自店主的敲门声。

"the school of hard knocks" [SL:] = A process in which a person learns and develops through having unpleasant experiences. “硬碰硬的学校”[SL:] = 一个人通过不愉快的经历来学习和发展的过程。 Example: The successful businessman did not finish secondary school, but came up through the school of hard knocks. 示例： 成功的商人没有完成中学学业，而是通过了艰苦的学习。

knock (n): In the sport of cricket, a batsman's innings. 在板球运动中，击球手的局数。 Example: The low-order batsman was congratulated after his knock of 51 won the match for his team. 示例：低阶击球手在他的 51 杆击球为他的球队赢得比赛后受到祝贺。

knock (n): In ICE engines that use spark ignition, a situation when the spark timing is too soon, giving a knocking sound. 在使用火花点火的 ICE 发动机中，火花正时过早的情况会发出敲击声。 Example: In the middle of the race, the sports car's engine developed a severe knock. 示例：在比赛中途，跑车的发动机发生了严重的爆震。

knock (v): To make a sharp noise, for example by rapping your knuckles on a door or window. 发出尖锐的声音，例如用指关节敲击门或窗。 Examples: Just after midnight, somebody knocked on Frank and Muriel's front door. 示例： 午夜刚过，有人敲了弗兰克和穆里尔的前门。 John knocked on the water tank to find out how full it was. 约翰敲了敲水箱，想知道它有多满。 I/you/we/they/ knock, he/she/it/ knocks. /am/is/are/ knocking. /all/ knocked. /was/were/ knocking. /shall/will/ knock. /shall/will/ be knocking. I/you/we/they/ have knocked, he/she/it/ has knocked. I/you/we/they/ have been knocking, he/she/it/ has been knocking. /all/ had knocked. /all/ had been knocking. /shall/will/ have knocked. /shall/will/ have been knocking.

knock (v): To physically impact something. 对某物产生物理影响。 Example: Bert was carrying a large box down the hall, and knocked over the hall table. 示例：伯特带着一个大箱子穿过大厅，撞翻了大厅的桌子。

"a knock-on" = in the sport of rugby, to accidentally knock the ball forward, which is against the rules. “敲门声”=在橄榄球运动中，不小心将球向前撞，这是违反规则的。 Example: The team were about to score a try, but a knock-on gave a penalty kick to the other side. 示例：该队正要尝试得分，但一次传球给了对方一个点球。

knock (v): To economically impact something. Generally written as "knock about". 在经济上影响某事。 一般写成“敲打”。 Example: The tourism industry was badly knocked about by the pandemic. 例子：旅游业受到大流行的严重打击。

"to knock through" = to make a hole in something. “敲开”= 在某物上打一个洞。 Example: Frank plans to knock a hole through a wall to put in a new window. 示例：弗兰克计划在墙上敲一个洞来安装一扇新窗户。

knock (v): To criticise [US: criticize]. 批评[美国：批评]。 Examples: The council's plan for redeveloping the shopping centre has been widely knocked, especially by shop-owners. 例子： 市议会重建购物中心的计划遭到了广泛的反对，尤其是店主。 Other verbs for "knock" are: "disparage", "find fault with", "denigrate", "condemn", "lambast", "slam", "slag off", "pull apart", "pick holes in" and "rubbish". “敲”的其他动词有：“贬低”、“找茬”、“诋毁”、“谴责”、“揍”、“砰”、“渣”、“拉开”、“挑洞”和 “垃圾”。 Example: Shop-owners have rubbished the council's plan for redeveloping the shopping centre. 例子：店主破坏了议会重建购物中心的计划。

knock (v): For an ICE, to make a knocking sound. 对于 ICE，发出敲击声。 Example: In the middle of the race, the sports car's engine started to knock badly. 示例：在比赛中途，跑车的发动机开始爆震。

KNOT 节 / 疙瘩 / 纥 / 纠缠 / 扣子

knot (n), knots (pl): (note silent -K). A loop in a piece of string or other flexible material, joining it to another piece of string or allowing it to be held easily. 一根绳子或其他柔性材料中的环，将其连接到另一根绳子上或使其易于握持。 Example: Frank tied a knot at the end of the rope. 例子：弗兰克在绳子的末端打了一个结。

knot (n): A tangled piece of hair etc. 缠结的头发等。 Example: Muriel brushed a knot out of her grand-daughter's hair. 示例：Muriel 从她孙女的头发上梳了一个结。

knot (n): A circular pattern in timber where a branch has grown from a trunk. 木材中的圆形图案，其中树枝从树干中长出。 Example: Knots can look attractive in a timber beam, but they are also weak points. 示例：结在木梁中看起来很有吸引力，但它们也是弱点。

knotty (adj): Full of knots. 满结。 Example: Frank looked at some wooden planks, but most were too knotty for his purpose. 示例：弗兰克看了一些木板，但大多数木板都太结实了。

knot (n): A swelling in a muscle or soft tissue, due to a knock. 由于敲击而导致肌肉或软组织肿胀。 Example: The footy player was knocked by another player's knee, and developed a knot in his thigh muscle. 示例：足球运动员被另一名球员的膝盖撞倒，大腿肌肉打了一个结。

knot (n): A small group of people packed closely together. 一小群人紧紧地挤在一起。 Example: The politician pushed her way through a knot of protesters. 示例：这位政客推开一大群抗议者。

"to tie the knot" = to get married. “打结”=结婚。 Example: Fred becomes anxious when his girlfriend talks about tying the knot. 示例：当他的女朋友说要结婚时，弗雷德变得焦虑。

knot (n): For ships, a unit of speed, 1 nautical mile per hour (nm/h), about 2 km/h. Also used to measure wind speed. 对于船舶，一个速度单位，每小时1海里（nm/h），大约2公里/小时。 也用于测量风速。 Examples: There is a speed limit of 5 knots in part of the Yarra River. 示例：亚拉河的部分地区限速为 5 节。 The wind this afternoon is expected to be 15 knots from the SW. 预计今天下午西南风的风速为 15 节。

knot (n): An unpleasant feeling of tightness in a part of your body. 身体某个部位有一种令人不快的紧绷感。 Example: David's stomach was in knots as he waited for the exam to start. 大卫等待考试开始时，他的肚子都打结了。

knot (v): To tie a loop in a piece of string, joining it to another piece of string or allowing it to be held easily. 将一个环系在一根绳子上，将其连接到另一根绳子上或使其易于握持。 Example: Frank knotted the end of the rope to give himself a better grip. 示例：弗兰克在绳子的末端打了个结，以便更好地抓握。 I/you/we/they/ knot, he/she/it/ knots. /am/is/are/ knotting (note spelling, double-T). /all/ knotted (note spelling, double-T). /was/were/ knotting. /shall/will/ knot. /shall/will/ be knotting. I/you/we/they/ have knotted, he/she/it/ has knotted. I/you/we/they/ have been knotting, he/she/it/ has been knotting. /all/ had knotted. /all/ had been knotting. /shall/will/ have knotted. /shall/will/ have been knotting.

knot (v): To fasten something with a knot. 用绳结固定某物。 Example: Alice knotted a warm scarf around her throat. 示例：爱丽丝在她的喉咙上系了一条温暖的围巾。

knot (v): To become tangled. 变得纠结。 Example: Muriel's grand-daughter's hair knots very easily. 示例：Muriel 的孙女的头发很容易打结。

knot (v): To swell due to a knock. 因敲击而膨胀。 Example: The footy player's thigh knotted after being hit by another player's knee. 示例：足球运动员的大腿在被另一名球员的膝盖击中后打结。

knot (v): For a part of your body to feel unpleasantly tight. 让您身体的某个部位感到不舒服的紧绷感。 Example: David's stomach knotted as he waited for the exam to start. 示例：大卫在等待考试开始时肚子打结了。

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