第26课：要和意志，去（准备第27课）。

Lesson 26: Shall and Will, Going to (preparation for Lesson 27).

英语动词“shall”和“will”经常混淆，因为它们有两个含义。

The English verbs "shall" and "will" are often confused, because they have two meanings.

一个含义是未来简单时态的一部分，您将在第27课学习。

One meaning is part of the Future Simple Tense, which you will study in Lesson 27.

第二个含义是“决心，发誓要做某事”。

The second meaning is "determination, vowing to do something".

为了增加混淆，意义会根据动词是否为“I/we”而改变！ 仔细研究这些例子。

To increase the confusion, the meanings change depending on whether the verb is "I/we" or not! Study these examples carefully.

“I shall”和“we shall”是未来简单时态的一部分：

"I shall" and "we shall" are part of the Future Simple tense:

我会。 今晚我会去跳舞。

I shall. I shall go dancing this evening.

我们应该。 我们将去吉朗度假。

We shall. We shall go to Geelong for our holiday.

鉴于“he shall”，“she shall”，“you shall”和“they shall”表示决定：

Whereas "he shall", "she shall", "you shall" and "they shall" indicate determination:

他今天将完成那幅画！

He shall finish that painting today!

她应该为她糟糕的语言道歉！

She shall apologise for her bad language!

灰姑娘，你应该去看球！

Cinderella, you shall go to the ball!

他们应该收拾所有的垃圾！

They shall pick up all their litter!

“I will”和“we will”表明决心：

"I will" and "we will" indicate determination:

我今天将完成这份报告！

I will finish this report today!

我们一定会在下午2点见到你！

We will definitely meet you at 2 pm!

而“he will”，“she will”，“you will”和“they will”是未来简单时态的一部分：

Whereas "he will", "she will", "you will" and "they will" are part of the Future Simple tense:

他今晚会去夜总会。

He will go to a night-club this evening.

她下班后会去购物。

She will do some shopping after work.

你明天可能会打个电话。

You will probably get a phone call tomorrow.

他们将在今晚晚些时候回家。

They will be home later this evening.

了解了这一区别之后，您可能会高兴地知道，在大多数日常对话中，说英语的人只使用“意志”！ 我们变得懒惰！ 除非您是律师，否则您的英语应该具有完美的语法，这与书面英语相同。

Having learned the distinction, you may be pleased to know that in most day-to-day conversation, English speakers use just "will"! We have become lazy! It's the same with written English, unless you are a lawyer, when your English is expected to have perfect grammar.

所以，如果你在墨尔本大学学习法律，那就完美了。 否则只是一直使用“will”！ 本课程的课程将使用完美的语法。

So, if you are studying Law at Melbourne University, be perfect. Otherwise just use "will" all the time! The lessons in this course will use perfect grammar.

此外，签约表格不区分“shall”和“will”。 他们来了：

Also, the contracted forms make no distinction between "shall" and "will". Here they are:

“I will”和“I shall”同意“I'll”

"I will" and "I shall" both contract to "I'll"

“We will”和“we shall”同意“we'll”

"We will" and "we shall" both contract to "we'll"

“He will”和“he shall”同意“he'll”

"He will" and "he shall" both contract to "he'll"

“She will”和“she shall”同意“she'll”

"She will" and "she shall" both contract to "she'll"

“It will”和“it shall”同意“it'll”

"It will" and "it shall" both contract to "it'll"

“You will”和“you shall”同意“you'll”

"You will" and "you shall" both contract to "you'll"

“They will”和“they shall”同意“they'll”

"They will" and "they shall" both contract to "they'll"

因此，如果您不确定应该说“应该”还是“将要”，请使用收缩！

So if you are not sure whether you should say "shall" or "will", use a contraction!

关于“将”和“将”的另一件事。 它们通常用作“模态”动词，通过设置跟随它们的动词的模式。 这就是你在本课中学到的东西。

One other thing about "shall" and "will". They are generally used as "modal" verbs, by setting the mode of a verb that follows them. That's what you have learned in this lesson.

但是，“will”还有其他含义：

However, "will" has other meanings:

（1）尽力使事情发生。

(1) to try very much to make something happen.

（2）在您死亡时将个人或组织的某些部分留给您。 对此的说明来自您的书面遗嘱，一份法律文件。 所以“will”这个词既是动词又是名词。

(2) to leave a person or organisation some part of your assets when you die. Instructions for this come from your written Will, a legal document. So the word "will" is both a verb and a noun.

她希望自己能够更快地游泳。

She willed herself to swim more quickly.

我父亲去世时给了我75,000美元。

My father willed me $ 75,000 when he died.

接下来在本课中，使用“going to”。 这些词是你制作将来时态动词的另一种方式。

Next in this lesson, the use of "going to". These words are another way for you to make future tense verbs.

使用动词的现在时“是”（我是，你是等），然后是“前往”和描述动作的动词。

Use the present tense of the verb "to be" (I am, you are etc) followed by the words "going to" and the verb describing the action.

例子：

Examples:

我今晚打篮球。

I am going to play basketball tonight.

她下周要开始节食了。

She's going to start a diet next week.

周日他们将会有饮茶。

They're going to have yum-cha on Sunday.

我们本周末将在布勒山滑雪。

We are going to ski at Mount Buller this weekend.

请记住，您可以使用以下收缩：

Remember you can use the following contractions:

I'm 代替 I am

he's 代替 he is

she's 代替 she is

it's 代替 it is

you're 代替 you are

we're 代替 we are

不要混淆这种将来的时态形成与“前往”的另一种用法，即“前往”。 例子：

Don't confuse this future tense formation with another use of "going to", which means "travelling to". Examples:

他将于周二前往巴拉瑞特。

He will be going to Ballarat on Tuesday.

他们今晚要去看电影。

They will be going to the movies tonight.

我半小时后去商店。

I'm going to the shops in half an hour.

你看到这里的“去”之后没有动词，因为“转到”是动作中唯一的动词。

You see that there is no verb following the "going to" here, because "going to" is the only verb in action.

使用动词“去”还有另一种谈论未来的方式。 你可以说：“我会去（使用现在简单时态做某事）”或“我们会去（使用现在简单时态做某事）”。 例子：

There's yet another way of talking about the future using the verb "to go". You can say: "I'll go and (do something using a Present Simple tense)" or "We'll go and (do something using a Present Simple tense)". Examples:

我今天晚上去带她去餐馆。

I'll go and take her to a restaurant this evening.

明天他会去接他的车去服务。

He'll go and take his car in for service tomorrow.

她今天下午去医院看望她的朋友。

She'll go and visit her friend in hospital this afternoon.

要结束本课，不要混淆“shall”和“shell”这两个词。 这些英语单词听起来相同，但含义不同。 它们被称为“同音异义词”，来自希腊语，意思是“同一个声音”。

To end this lesson, don't confuse the words "shall" and "shell". These English words sound the same, but have different meanings. They are called "homophones", from Greek words meaning "same sound".

英语有很多同音词。 在本课程的后面部分，您将完全掌握有关同音异义词的课程。 这里有一些例子：

English has many homophones. You will have some lessons entirely about homophones, later in this course. Here are a few examples:

应 ，贝壳 shall, shell

我 ，眼睛 I, eye

看到 ，海 see, sea

红色 ，读 red, read